Folate binding protein-1 localisation in the plexiform layers of the mouse retina

Physiology in Focus 2024 (Northumbria University, UK) (2024) Proc Physiol Soc 59, PCB062

Poster Communications: Folate binding protein-1 localisation in the plexiform layers of the mouse retina

Emily Flood1, Bernadett Gnotek1, Gerrit Hilgen1,

1Northumbria University Newcastle Upon Tyne United Kingdom,

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Folate (vitamin B9) is the naturally occurring form of folic acid. Folate cannot be synthesised by the human body so must be acquired through diet/supplementation. Folate carries one-carbon groups for methylation reactions and nucleotide base synthesis making it fundamental for DNA replication, repair, and RNA synthesis. Folate deficiency has been implicated in retinal diseases, including nutritional amblyopia, diabetic retinopathy, exfoliation glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. In most cases, the exact mechanism of how this contributes to disease is still unknown. There are 3 cellular mechanisms for folate transport: folate receptors, reduced folate carrier and the proton-coupled folate transporter. Folate receptors are attached to the surface of the cell plasma membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol.  In mice, there are 3 isoforms referred to as the folate binding protein which are analogous to the -a, -b, and -d human forms. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging have been used to identify folate binding protein-1 expression in mouse RPE cells, retinal Müller cells and in several layers of retinal tissues, with particularly prominent staining in the outer plexiform layer (Bozard et al. 2010; Smith et al. 1999). To the best of our knowledge, no study has tried to localise any of these folate receptors at the subcellular level in the retina. Such cellular knowledge of folate receptor expression in the retina is critical for understanding their involvement in retinal physiology in health, disease onset and ageing, as well as cell-type specific drug development. Our research will reveal not only whether and which folate receptors are expressed in the retina, but also where they are expressed. Immunohistochemistry analysis (methods previously stated by (Hilgen 2023)) of adult mouse retinal tissue was used to establish localisation of folate binding protein-1 on key retinal cell types, particularly those with dendritic structures extending into the inner plexiform layer (bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells). Preliminary data shows colocalization of folate binding protein-1 with SMI-32 (alpha retinal ganglion cells), PKCα (bipolar cells) and Calretinin (retinal ganglion cells) at the inner nuclear at plexiform layers of the retina. Experimental procedures were granted ethical approval by Northumbria University and all procedures accorded with current UK legislation.



Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.

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