The effect of drugs on cardiac electrophysiology is important in commercial screening for human drug development. Isolated tissue from animal models and non-muscle expression-systems are currently used to screen for potential pro-arrhythmic effects. Recently, human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluri-potent stem cells (iPSCs) with an electrophysiological phenotype similar to the ventricular myocardium have become available commercially. This study investigated the sensitivity of these cells to a series of standard drugs, and compared responses to published effective therapeutic concentrations in humans. iPSC (obtained from Cellular Dynamics Inc, Madison WI), were maintained in culture for 10 days in a plastic 48 well plate. The cells were washed in serum-free medium and exposed transiently to 3 µM Di-4-ANEPPS. The plate was placed was placed in a stage incubator on an inverted microscope and the spontaneous electrical activity was recorded as the Di-4-ANEPPS fluorescence signal from areas of iPSCs in individual wells using a 40x (NA 0.6) objective. Fluoresence signals were digitized at 10kHz and the records subsequently analyzed off-line. Cells were exposed to cumulative increases in drug concentrations allowing 30 mins incubation at each concentration. The procedure was repeated up to 9 times and parallel measurements were done on cells with equivalent concentrations of vehicle. Incrementing the drug concentration by 0.5 log units, a threshold was established as the first concentration at which detectable differences between the drug and control group were observed. Action potential parameters were measured, including 10%-90% rise time (Trise) action potential duration at 75% duration (APD75). Drugs used in this study were: E4031, Mexiletine, Nifedipine. Data are expressed as % change from baseline for the drug and vehicle groups. Significant effects on APD75 were detected at 30nM E4031 vs. the control (40.0% vs. 3.2%, P<0.01 n=9). Mexiletine at 3µM significantly increased Trise (343.5% vs 134.8%, P<0.01 n=9, P<0.01 n=9). Nifedipine decreased APD75 (39.1% vs. 75.5%, P<0.05 n=4 P<0.05 n=4) at 300nM. The detection threshold for these drug effects co-incides with published values of effective therapeutic plasma levels: (E4031, 3nM, Fujiki et al (1994); Mexiletine 2-4µM, Harner et al (2011); Nifedipine, 4-8nM, Redfern et al (2003). In conclusion, iPS derived cardiomyocytes appear to show drug sensitivities that would make them an appropriate for an invitro screen for electrophysiological effects of compounds invivo.
37th Congress of IUPS (Birmingham, UK) (2013) Proc 37th IUPS, PCB068
Poster Communications: Sensitivity of optical action potentials recorded in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells to a range of drugs
I. A. Ghouri1, M. P. Hortigon-Vinagre1, R. Wallis3, F. L. Burton1, J. Cooper2, M. Craig3, B. D. Anson4, G. Smith1,3
1. Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. 2. Electrical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. 3. Clyde Biosciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom. 4. Cellular Dynamics Inc, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
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Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.