Litter size manipulation results in body weight gain alterations, such phenotype lingers until the adulthood. Several studies have demonstrated changes in hormonal profile, cardiovascular function and hydromineral homeostasis. Using the model of reduction or enhance of the litter size, the current work aimed to investigate the alterations in plasma angiotensin I and II, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), vasopressin and oxyitocin concentration on weaning (21st day) and adulthood (60th day) and vascular reaction of thoracic aorta to phenylephrine, acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside on adulthood. The litters were divided into 3 groups: Normal Litter (NL, 10 pups), Small Litter (SL, 3 pups) and Large Litter (LL, 16 pups). The reduction and enhance of the litter size, led to an increase and decrease of the weight gaining in SL (~25%) and LL (~19%) groups, respectively, at the weaning (21st day) till adulthood (60th day). Plasma angiotensin I and II levels were higher in both SL (~40%) and LL (~120%) groups in relation to the NL at the weaning, without differences on adulthood. We also observed a significant rise in the plasma vasopressin (~20%) and oxycitocin (~50%) in LL group on adulthood, without significant differences on weaning. We did not found significant differences on plasma ANP concentration on weaning, but on adulthood we observed an increase in plasma ANP in the SL and decrease in LL group (both ~20%). It was also observed a reduction (~10%) of endothelium-dependent vasodilation induced by acetylcholine in the SL group compared to control. No significant differences were observed in vasomotor responses to phenylephrine and sodium nitropruciato. Our results show that the litter size manipulation can program not only the weight gain, but also plasma hormones related to cardiovascular control and hydromineral balance and endothelium-dependent vascular reactivity.