Oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological mechanism in the development and complications of type II diabetes mellitus (1). To protect against oxidative stress the body cells developed an active enzyme system; the peroxiredoxins (Prdxs). To date six isoforms have been identified (2). Although recent reports demonstrated an increase in red blood cell concentration of Prdx 1 and 2 (3) it is unrecognized whether diabetic state and/or glycemic control affects circulating plasma levels of Peroxiredoxins. Fifty three type II diabetic patients and 25 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Fasting blood samples were collected, blood pressure measurement taken, and body mass index calculated.Plasma levels of Prdx1,2,4 and 6 as well as insulin were measured by ELISA kits . Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Fasting sugar and lipids were measured. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated (4). Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. Results are expressed as mean ± SD.Results: Clinical and laboratory data are shown in table 1. Higher plasma levels of Prdx1,2,4 and 6 were reported in diabetic subjects. A negative associations of plasma Prdx2 and Prdx6 with fasting blood sugar (Fig-1 a&b) and HbA1c (Fig-2 a&b) were detected in diabetic subjects. Conclusions: Although diabetics demonstrated higher levels of the Peroxiredoxins as a sort of adaptations to increased oxidative stress that supervenes diabetic status, failure of this kind of adaptations occurs with poorer glycemic control. All subjects recruited in the study signed a consent after approval of the Institutional Review Board at King Khalid University Hospital.