Executive function and sensorimotor skill in older adults: An intervention study

Ageing and Degeneration (Edinburgh, UK) (2015) Proc Physiol Soc 33, PC37

Poster Communications: Executive function and sensorimotor skill in older adults: An intervention study

Z. Gallant1, R. I. Nicolson1

1. University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

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Background: The increasing number of elderly people is a societal challenge that is exacerbated by reducing cognitive ability, even in healthy ageing. Traditionally, cognitive impairment was ascribed to loss of frontal lobe function. The recent interest in cerebellar and striatal contributions to cognitive function, allied to the established volume reductions in cerebellum and basal ganglia, and the known impairments in sensorimotor functioning, indicate possible subcortical contributions to the cognitive decline. Recent intervention studies have highlighted the importance of exercise, coordinative as well as aerobic, in increasing both hippocampal and cerebellar volume, with corresponding improvements in both physical and mental performance. The present study investigated further the link between subcortical and cortical function in the elderly by undertaking a coordinative exercise intervention.Method: 98 healthy older adult volunteers (mean age 68.2, S.D 6.6) participated and were split into control and intervention groups. All participants undertook an initial series of pre-tests designed to evaluate Physical Coordination, Memory, Language Dexterity, Fluid Thinking and Affect, with identical post-tests around two months later. The intervention group undertook an 8 week internet-based coordinative exercise intervention, while the control group continued ‘life as normal.’Results: The intervention group showed significant pre- to post improvements in 12 of the 18 tests, whereas the controls improved significantly on one only. Effect sizes ranged from 0.1 to 0.6. MANOVA revealed significant between-group differences for the physical tasks and for the declarative memory tasks. Individual ANOVAs indicated that the intervention group improved significantly more than the controls on three tests – Balance, Peg Assembly and Delayed Picture Recall.Conclusions: The results are consistent with studies indicating the benefits of exercise for the elderly, but to our knowledge this is the first study that has investigated a range of attributes from affective to cognitive to sensorimotor skills. The findings indicate that it is both feasible and beneficial to deliver an internet-based balance and coordination program to older adults, and highlight the opportunities for larger studies.



Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.

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