Introduction: Vincristine is an anti-neoplastic drug that is a kind of a microtubule poison. The most common side effect is peripheral sensory and motor neuropathy. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of oxytocin and GLP-1 analogue (Liraglutide) on neuropathy. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley adult male rats were included in the study. Six rats were included in the study as normal group. No action was taken to this group. Eighteen rats were injected with Vincristine intraperitoneally (i.p.) at the dose of 4 mg / kg / week (2 injections per week) for 5 weeks to induce neuropathy development. The vincristine-administered rats were divided into 3 groups. The first group (n=6) were injected with 100 μg / kg / day Oxytocin i.p., the second group (n=6) were injected with 10 mg / kg / day Liraglutide i.p., whereas the third group (n=6) received 1 mL/kg %0.9 NaCl (saline) i.p. simultaneously with vincristine injections for 5 weeks. At the end of these 5 weeks, Electromyography (EMG) studies were recorded from the rats, rats were tested by inclined plane test and histopathological nerve and nerve sheath examination was performed by excising the sciatic nerve to evaluate neuropathy. Results: In Vincristine + saline group, nerve conduction velocity and electrical potentials obtained from the muscle in EMG was found to be decreased when compared to the normal group (P<0,05). Additionally, In the inclined plane test, it was observed that the climbing angle was decreased in Vincristine + saline group when compared to the normal group (P<0,05). These findings were interpreted in the direction of neuropathy. In groups receiving Oxytocin and Liraglutide, Improvement in electrical potentials in EMG and inclined plane test were observed in groups receiving Oxytocin and Liraglutide when compared to the Vincristine + saline group (P<0,05). Histopathologically, myelin sheath was decreased in all groups. There was an increase in NGF (neuronal growth factor) expression, although there was no significant change in the treatment groups when compared to the Vincristine + saline group. Conclusion: In conclusion, this is the first study which demonstrates that Oxytocin and Liraglutide have protective effects in Vincristine-induced neuropathy. Previously, positive effects of oxytocin and GLP-1 in neural recovery processes (in neurosurgical damage model, cisplatin neuropathy model, diabetic autonomic neuropathy model) have been demonstrated and published by our team. In this study it was observed that Oxytocin and Liraglutide showed Schwann protective effects in Vincristine neuropathy model. Based on these findings, Oxytocin and Liraglutide may be considered as potential agents that can be used for the prevention of Vincristine-induced neuropathy. However, new experimental and clinical studies are required for the clinical application of these treatments modality for preventing the neuropathy in cancer patients.