DNA, RNA and protein, part of the central molecules of biology, typically exist at dimensions of a few nanometers, well beyond the resolving power of conventional fluorescent microscopy (~300 nm). Super-resolution microscopy techniques hold to date the record in resolving power for light microscopy. These have both the capacity to differentiate and localize individual molecules at scales experimentally demonstrated of few nanometers (1-30 nm). In this family of methods, photo-activated localization microscopy (PALM) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) as well as their variants embrace the potential to fully resolve complete cellular structures at the nanoscale, accurately localizing thousands to millions of individual fluorophores within a labeled cell. In this seminar I will introduce several of the aspects in super-resolution methods we have developed, ranging from analytical methods to novel super-resolution probes. Some of its applications will then be demonstrated, for example by super-resolving host-pathogen in HIV infection.