The approximately linear relationship between whole body oxygen uptake (VO2) and cardiac output (Q) across a variety of exercising work rates (WR), predicts a hyperbolic relationship between VO2 (or WR) and whole body arterio-venous O2 content difference (a-vO2diff). Nevertheless, the dynamic adjustments of muscle blood flow (Qm) and O2 extraction during incremental exercise may be different in the periphery as a result of factors contributing to redistribution of blood flow and have recently been characterized as two linear components described by their slopes (m) and intercept (b). Whereas advanced aging has been associated with declining endothelial function and functional differences in the adjustment of blood flow to or within the working muscle, exposure to chronic endurance training may attenuate these declines. As a result, we examined a group of young, middle-age, and older chronically trained male cyclists to compare the dynamic adjustment of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived muscle deoxygenation ([HHb]) during ramp incremental exercise across the age-groups. Four young (Y; 27 ± 8 yrs.; mean ± SD), 5 middle-aged (M; 50 ± 5 yrs.), and 3 older (O; 66 ± 3 yrs.) males each completed a ramp (Y and M: 30 W/min; O: 20W/min) incremental cycling test to the limit of tolerance, during which breath-by-breath pulmonary VO2 (VO2p) and [HHb] were monitored continuously. After normalizing (0-100%) the [HHb] responses, individual profiles were plotted as a function of normalized WR (i.e., %WR) and were characterized by a piecewise ‘double-linear’ regression function to establish the slope of increase of deoxygenation (m1) and plateau as maximal exercise was approached (m2) and the break point (BP) between the increasing deoxygenation and its plateau. Maximal VO2 (VO2max) was lower in O (2.99 ± 0.31 L/min) compared to Y (4.40 ± 0.66 L/min) and M (4.38 ± 0.17 L/min) (p< 0.05) individuals. No differences were observed in the parameters describing the dynamic adjustment of [HHb] during ramp incremental exercise across the three groups (Y: m1 = 1.19 ± 0.26, y1 = -2.21 ± 2.09, m2 = 1.00 ± 0.34, y2 = 6.05 ± 31.29, break point (BP) = 58.16 ± 11.17; M: m1 = 1.57 ± 0.50, y1 = -23.41 ± 33.44, m2 = 0.81 ± 0.38, y2 = 22.93 ± 31.93, BP = 60.91 ± 23.84; O: m1 = 1.14 ± 0.58, y1 = -7.99 ± 6.41, m2 = 0.96 ± 0.75, y2 = 7.10 ± 72.81, BP = 55.06 ± 35.46). The similar m1 and BP among the Y, M and O suggest a similar rate of increase in muscle deoxygenation for a given increase in VO2 and hence, similar O2 delivery to accomplish a given VO2. Surprisingly, only half (6/12) of these individuals exhibited a characteristic ‘plateau’ in the [HHb] response at end exercise. These preliminary data suggest that aging does not affect the profile of normalized [HHb] in chronically endurance trained cyclists.
The Biomedical Basis of Elite Performance (London) (2012) Proc Physiol Soc 26, C14 & PC14
Oral Communications: Aging does not affect the profile of muscle deoxygenation during ramp incremental exercise in chronically endurance trained men
M. D. Spencer1, J. M. Murias1, T. M. Grey1, D. H. Paterson1
1. Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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