Obesity and overweight are well known risk factors for most chronic diseases. Recent studies show that these are highly prevalent among people of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. MC4R mutations constitute the most common monogenic form of human obesity, which accounts for 5% of morbid obesity shown to be a constrictive factor among them. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia is 13.8% and 20.5% among male and female respectively. This number has increased to 35.5% as reported by Al-Nozha (2005). Previously, I have screened the MC4R gene in a UK population and identified two ‘paucimorphisms’ mutations (V103I in 27 subjects and -178A>C in 22 subjects). Anthropometric studies of these variants enable the detection of BMI effects as little as 0.5 units. Two rare variants were also identified, one previously described (T112M) and one unknown (A87D). BMI of 31.5 in the latter might point to mild functional effect (Alharbi et al, 2006). The study of anthropometric measurements and genetics of obesity will be unique among of Saudi population.