Antiepileptic activity of ellagic acid in pentylenetetrazole-kindled rat and role in motor function

Europhysiology 2018 (London, UK) (2018) Proc Physiol Soc 41, PCB279

Poster Communications: Antiepileptic activity of ellagic acid in pentylenetetrazole-kindled rat and role in motor function

P. P. Mshelia1, N. Danjuma2, R. Magaji3, T. Dzenda4

1. Human Physiology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria. 2. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. 3. Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. 4. Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

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Epilepsy is a neurologic disorder affecting more than 50 million people. Motor function impairment is among the disorders caused by epileptic seizures. This study assessed the effect of ellagic acid in pentyleneterazole (PTZ)-kindled rats and its role in motor functions. Thirty male wistar rats weighing 200 – 300g, with 6 groups of 5 rats each were used. Groups 1 – 5 received 35mg/kg PTZ, while group 6 received distilled water (s.c) on alternate days. One hour before PTZ administration, group 2, 3 and 4 received 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg (p.o) ellagic acid dissolved in 10% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) respectively while group 5 received 30mg/kg phenobarbital (i.p) and were observed for seizure activity for 30 minutes after PTZ injections. When kindling was achieved, the rats were subjected to beam walk assay for motor coordination and inverted screen test for grip strength. Rats were anaesthetized with Ketamine 10mg/kg and diazepam 5mg/kg before being sacrificed. The brain tissues were harvested, homogenized and the supernatant used for assaying neurochemicals such as total glutamate concentration, gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), CFOS, oxidative stress biomarker, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Results showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in transfer latencies of all the ellagic acid treated groups, 2, 3, and 4: (18.20±1.77; 19.60±5.80; 11.00±0.54) respectively when compared to group 1 (54.00±4.00). There was also a significant decrease (P< 0.05) in foot slip for groups 2 (0.40±0.35) and 3 (0.40±0.35) when compared to the control (1.60±0.31). Significant increase (P < 0.05) in grip strength occurred in groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 compared to group 1 rats. For glutamate assay, group 1 (8.50 ± 0.28) is statistical significance when compared to group 2 (5.58 ± 0.34); 3 (5.37 ± 0.23); 4 (5.72 ± 0.38); 5 (3.59 ± 0.21) and 6 (4.13 ± 0.42) respectively and for GABA, decrease significantly in group 1 (135.16 ± 1.23) when compared to group 4 (218.51 ± 6.93) and 6 (104.92 ± 3.26). CFOS levels decreased significantly in all groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 (4.31±0.22; 4.19±0.14; 4.58±0.43; 3.64±0.21; 3.50±0.15) nMol/L respectively as compared to group 1 control (6.61±0.22) nMol/L. Significant decrease (P< 0.05) in MDA concentration in all the treated groups, 2 ,3, 4 and 5 (1.08±0.08; 1.10±0.09; 1.16±0.08; 1.06±0.11) μMol/L respectively when compared to control group 1 (1.84±0.07) μMol/L. SOD increased significantly (P< 0.05) in all the groups (1.90±0.08; 2.02±0.17; 1.94±0.07; 1.92±0.07; 1.88±0.04) IU/L when compared to control group 1(1.14±0.05) IU/L while for GPx significant increase (P< 0.05) was recorded only in group 4 (41.20±1.02) compared to control (37.20±0.74) IU/L. Findings indicate oxidative stress is involved in kindling which occur as a result of imbalance in Glutamate-GABA concentration. And ellagic acid has potent antiepileptic potentials with no associated side effects.



Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.

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