Obesity is developing to pandemic proportions world-wide. One of the common obesity treatments is the prescription of regular exercise for weight reduction. Unfortunately, outcomes of training studies for weight loss show high variability, while responsible mechanisms which limit the effect of exercise for weight loss are not clear. We hypothesised that exercise training of obese female would lead to alterations in appetite hormone levels which would induce compensatory energy intake and no weight loss. To avoid confounding factors like motivation to lose weight and knowledge about study aims, we conducted a randomised single blind study. With ethical approval, healthy female subjects (n=43; BMI 30±3; Age 24±5) were recruited deceiving them about aims and measures, as well as excluding subjects who wanted to take part for weight loss. After random assignment into two groups, subjects trained with high (HI -group = 80-90%VO2peak) or low (LI -group = 50-60VO2peak) intensities three times (~1hour) a week for 8 weeks while the energy expenditure of the groups were matched via heart rate (telemetry). Pre and post measurements included body composition measurements (DXA), venous fasting and postprandial blood samples 1 hour after a test meal, VO2peak, resting metabolic rate, and diet diaries throughout the intervention. Appetite hormones measured via ELISA were insulin, amylin, leptin, ghrelin, and PYY3-36. 22 subjects (11 subjects per group) finished the study attending about 80% of the training sessions. Both groups (HI and LI) showed no alterations in weight (LI: pre 79.9±11.9, post 80.3±11.2; HI: pre 86.2±13.0, post 86.7±13.0 (kg)), fat (LI: pre 38.8±5.0, post 39.2±5.2; HI: pre 39.2±5.1, post 39.0±5.0 (%)) or lean mass after 8 weeks training. Moreover, VO2peak and resting metabolic rate were unchanged in both groups. Appetite hormone levels revealed a significant (p<0.05) reduction of fasting amylin (HI: pre 14.74±3.10, post 11.57±1.66; LI: pre 16.29±2.97, post 13.05±2.90 (pM)) and postprandial amylin (HI: pre 18.00±2.22, post 16.21±2.03; LI: pre 22.15±3.08, post 16.10±2.69 (pM)) levels in both training groups. Neither fasting nor postprandial levels of insulin, leptin, ghrelin and PYY3-36 were influenced by training in both groups. Analysis of diet diaries did not reveal any alterations in macronutrient composition over the training period. Amylin is known to influence food intake and gastric emptying; administration of amylin antagonist AC187 increased energy intake and accelerated gastric emptying. We suggest, considering the lack of changes in other measured appetite hormones, that amylin, via reduction in response to chronic exercise training, might enable a long term compensation of energy expenditure for improved body weight control.