Nicotine has been implicated as the major player involved in smoking-induced toxicity. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerotic vascular disease and hypertension. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a unique and potent antioxidant that scavenges reactive oxygen species with the ability to regenerate other antioxidants as well. Given that oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in nicotine toxicity, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with ALA, could improve nicotine-induced cardiac toxicity. Blood pressure parameters, lipid profile, index of lipid peroxidation (MDA), antioxidant enzyme (GSH, SOD, Catalase) and a marker of inflammation (CRP) were to be estimated. Twenty-eight (28) male Sprague-Dawley rats (150-200g) were divided into 4 groups of 7 animals each. The animals were fed and treated for 4 consecutive weeks. Group 1 (control). Group 2 received Nicotine only. Group 3 received both Nicotine and ALA. Group 4 received Lipoic Acid only. Nicotine was administered intraperitoneally (0.5mg/kg) while Lipoic acid orally (200mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, the rats were anaesthetized with a solution of 25% (w/v) urethane and 1% (w/v) α-chloralose injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 5ml/kg body weight, blood pressure parameters were obtained by the cannulation of left carotid artery connected to a pressure transducer and a power lab system. Blood samples were also withdrawn for biochemical analysis. Data were presented as mean ± SEM and the level of significance was taken at p<0.05. Results showed SBP, DBP, MAP and RPP was elevated in the group which received only Nicotine (Group 2) however no change was observed in HR and PP. Elevated levels of CRP, MDA and reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes (GSH & SOD) was also observed. There was no change in catalase activity and lipid profile. Supplementation with ALA (group 3) reduced the elevated MDA levels and elevated SOD & Glutathione levels in the nicotine treated rats. This study reveals that ALA ameliorates nicotine-induced cardiovascular dysfunction through its antioxidant properties. Keywords: Nicotine, Alpha lipoic acid, Cardiac function, antioxidant, Oxidative stress.
Future Physiology 2019 (Liverpool, UK) (2019) Proc Physiol Soc 45, PC17
Poster Communications: Cardioprotective and antioxidant effects of alpha lipoic acid in nicotine administered rats
E. M. Okoka1, G. O. Oludare1, C. N. Anigbogu1
1. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Surulere 23401, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.