In modern times, the seriousness of diseases caused by aging is drawing attention. Among them, Alzheimer's disease, a chronic neurodegenerative disease, accounts for 80% of senile dementia. Continuous research is being conducted on the cause of Alzheimer’s disease, and it is believed that complex factors such as genetic factors, accumulation of amyloid beta plaque, tangle of tau protein, oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cell death are involved. Sinapic acid is one of the hydroxycinnamic acids found in the plant family, such as orange, grapefruit, cranberry, mustard seeds, and rape seeds. It shows various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidepressant. In other words, Sinapic acid is considered to be an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor that can be applied to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, motor dysfunction, severe work history, and Parkinson's disease. However, studies from the electrophysiological perspective on the effects of Sinapic acid on memory and learning still need to be made clear. Therefore, it was confirmed that the administration of Sinapic acid was effective in long-term potentiation (LTP) using organotypic hippocampus segment tissue. In addition, the effect on Scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment was measured by oral administration of Sinapic acid 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days by conducting behavioral experiments related to short-term and long-term spatial memory and avoidance memory. Administration of Sinapic acid increased the activity of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) dose-dependent after TBS and restored fEPSP activity in the CA1 region suppressed by scopolamine. The scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment group showed lower results than the control group in Y-maze, Passive avoidance, and Morris water maze experiments. Sinapic acid improved avoidance memory, short-term and long-term spatial recognition learning, and memory. In addition, Sinapic acid weakened inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and activation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX-2), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) induced by scopolamine in hippocampus tissue. These results showed that Sinapic acid is effective in restoring LTP and cognitive impairment induced by cholinergic receptor blockade. In addition, it showed the effect of alleviating the reduction of scopolamine-induced BDNF and TrkB, and alleviating neuroinflammatory effects due to inhibition of the increase of COX-2 and IL-1β. Therefore, we show that Sinapic acid has the potential as a treatment for neurodegenerative cognitive impairment.