Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to impairments of motor control and learning. Degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons causes endogenous dopamine (DA) loss in the striatum of PD patients, affecting the functions of the circuit system. Previous studies have found that dopamine D2 receptor and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtype, NR1 and NR2A receptors in the striatum participate in the mechanisms of motor skilled learning. Motor skilled learning performance in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model using rotarod test is vulnerable. Whether the expressions of receptors that involved in motor skilled learning are affected by the inadequate striatal dopamine level is not well known. Enriched environment (EE) is a housing condition that facilitates enhancement of sensory, cognitive and motor stimulation. It has been reported that EE prevents dopamine neuronal death, improves motor performance of 6-OHDA rats and increases the expressions of NMDA receptors in normal mice. We are looking forward to investigate whether EE can influence the motor learning performance and the expressions of striatal dopamine D2 and NMDA subtype NR1 and NR2A receptors in the Parkinson’s rat model. Eight-week old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (250-350g, n=48) were randomly assigned into three groups: control group, standard environment group (SE) and enriched environment group (EE). Each group was divided into two subgroups for the behavioral and protein analysis. Rats in the SE and EE groups received unilateral (right substantia nigra pars compacta, SNpc) intracranial administration of 6-OHDA under pentobarital (50mg/kg) anesthesia. Rats in the control group received intracranial administration of saline as injection control. Rats in the control and SE groups received standard environment housing condition (1 rat/cage) and rats in the EE group received enriched environment housing condition (4 rats/cage) for four weeks after surgery. Motor learning behavior was measured by accelerating rotarod test at the first, third and eighth day after the four-week intervention. The expressions of striatal dopamine D2, NR1 and NR2A receptors were measured by western blotting after the four-week intervention. Data were presented as mean ± S.E.M. and compared by ANOVA. Motor learning behavior of 6-OHDA rats showed a significant decrease when compared with control group. However, rats received EE intervention reserved the learning ability especially at the first day of rotarod test and the learning rate showed similar to the control group. The expressions of dopamine D2 and NR1 receptors in the ipsilateral lesioned striatum showed no significant difference among groups. However, the expression of NR2A receptor in EE group showed a significant increase when compared with SE group. Our results suggested that enriched environment might improve the motor skilled learning ability, and enhance the expression of NMDA subtype NR2A receptor in 6-OHDA-indused Parkinson’s rat model.
Physiology 2014 (London, UK) (2014) Proc Physiol Soc 31, PCA081
Poster Communications: Effects of enriched environment on the improvement of motor learning and the changes of striatal dopamine and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson’s Rat model
Y. Huang1, Y. Yang1, R. Wang1
1. Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.