One of the best understood models for behavioural motor learning is the classically-conditioned eyeblink/nictitating membrane response in the rabbit. This is known to be cerebellum-dependent; most agree that the critical region of cerebellar cortex for the acquisition and performance of conditioned responses is in Larsell’s lobule HVI. There remain uncertainties about the extent of the areas involved and whether they are confined to lobule HVI. In this learning model, the instructive (unconditioned) stimulus is carried by climbing fibres activated by periocular afferents; the appropriate regions of the cerebellar cortex can therefore be identified from climbing fibre projection zones. In the cat and ferret there are several discrete ‘eyeblink control’ areas in lobule HVI and surrounding cortex (Hesslow, 1994; Hesslow and Ivarsson, 1994), where climbing fibres are specifically activated by stimulation of the periocular skin. However, the majority of behavioural studies have been done using rabbits, for which no definitive zonal maps exist. We addressed this problem using a combination of electrophysiological and histological mapping. Identification of specific microzones will allow mechanistic studies of the learning processes at a neuronal circuit level. We have mapped the regions in which climbing fibres are activated by periocular stimuli within lobule HVI. We have used a linear array of seven microelectrodes (Thomas Eckhorn 7 system), to map systematically across the lobule. Climbing fibre-evoked local field potentials and complex spikes in Purkinje cells elicited by periocular stimulation were recorded within lobule HVI and surrounding areas in urethane-anaesthetised, pigmented, Murex rabbits. Electrode locations were reconstructed histologically and selected sections were immuno-stained for zebrin II (aldolase C) to correlate the responsive zones with zebrin immunoreactivity. Across all animals, large parts of the lobule were unresponsive, suggesting that the periocular microzones are discrete and occupy only a small proportion of the lobule . The most reliable locations of periocular activated areas were deep in the medial fold of lobule HVI (6/7 animals), extending to the base of the primary fissure. In zebrin-stained sections, this deep area corresponded to the P5+ band (Sanchez et al., 2002). However, in some animals periocular responses were also evident in other areas indicating heterogeneity between animals. High resolution identification of eyeblink-controlling areas in the rabbit will allow behavioural studies to be combined with neuronal recordings targeted to the zones most likely to be involved in the learning process.