Introduction Hyperglycemia, a major pathological condition of diabetes mellitus, that expose fetus become one factor contributing unfavorable effect of diabetes mellitus on pregnancy. Compelling evidence shows that the offspring subjected to uncontrolled hyperglycemia during gestation display developmental, behavioral, neurochemical, and cellular abnormalities. Oxidative stress plays important role in fetus developmental impairment due to hyperglycemia. Therefore, antioxidant substance such as Black Sticky Rice (Oryza Sativa Linn. var Glutinosa) extract which is anthocyanins-rich substance possibly inhibit hyperglycemia complications. Objectives In this study we focused on the effect of Black Sticky Rice extract preventing Hyperglycemia-Induced Developmental & Motoric Impairment during development using zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) as a hyperglycemia model. Methods Zebrafish embryos were divided into 6 groups, consist of negative control group, 5% glucose exposure group, 0.6 μg/ml Black Sticky Rice extract exposure group, and 5% glucose with Black Sticky Rice extract (0,15 ; 0,3 ; 0,6 μg/ml) co-incubation exposure groups. Embryo was exposed to glucose from 2 hpf (hourspost-fertilization) until 72 hpf and exposed to Black Sticky Rice Extract from 2 hpf until 120 hpf. Stereo microscopy was used to image live embryo for observing mortality and characterizing the morphology of zebrafish larva, including head size, body length, and cardiac abnormality. Heart rate was counted using Danioscope software to detect the effect on the cardiac activity. Tactile response, motility, and swimming distance were observed using Ethovision XT 14 software to figure out the effect on the motoric function. The procedures used were approved by ethical committee in Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya. Results This study showed that mortality of embryos was increase while body length and head size were decrease in 5% glucose exposure group compared to control (p<0,05). Group of zebrafish embryo with Black Sticky Rice extract co-incubation (0,15 ; 0,3 ; 0,6 μg/ml) showed lower mortality in 24, 48 and 72 hpf (p<0,05); body length improvement in 72 and 96 hpf (p<0.01; p<0.05) ; and head size improvement in 72 and 96 hpf (p<0,01) compared to 5% glucose exposure group. Decreasing heart rate due to hyperglycemia condition in 72 and 96 hpf was improve significantly by Black Sticky Rice extract (p<0.01). Tactile response, motility, and swimming distance were decrease in 5% glucose exposure group compared to control (p=0,037; p=0.05; p=0,009). Black Sticky Rice extract co-incubation could improve these 3 indicators of motoric function (p<0.05). Conclusion This study identified that Black Sticky Rice extract could prevent hyperglycemia-induced developmental & motoric impairment during early development of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Keywords: black sticky rice extract, hyperglycemia, development, motoric, zebrafish, embryo
Physiology 2021 (2021) Proc Physiol Soc 48, OC48
Oral Communications: Extract of black sticky rice prevent hyperglycemia-induced developmental & motoric impairment during early development of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Dewi Mustika1, Felicia Fransisca Saputra2, Angelina Asti Shiela Permata2, Helena Putri Rahmadewi2
1 Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 2 Undergraduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Malang, Indonesia
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Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.