This talk will discuss ways in which functional and structural imaging has contributed to our understanding of recovery after stroke. It will also consider how this knowledge can be used to design novel rehabilitation interventions. Examples will be provided from FMRI studies which have shown that activity during movement of an affected limb is altered after stroke. In addition, studies using diffusion MRI will provide insights into structural disconnection after stroke, and how this may constrain recovery. Finally, recent evidence will be presented showing positive effects of using non invasive brain stimulation as an adjunct to rehabilitation.