Glomerulonephritis is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal failure. In many forms of this condition, leukocytes recruited to the glomerulus play essential roles in initiating and mediating disease. In order to understand the mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment to the glomerulus and their behaviour within the glomerulus, we have used multiphoton intravital microscopy (MP-IVM) to image glomeruli of mice undergoing glomerular inflammatory responses. These studies have revealed previously unrecognised behaviour of neutrophils, monocytes and T cells during the development of antibody- and T cell-mediated models of glomerulonephritis. The major effect of glomerular inflammation is to induce immune cells to undergo prolonged intravascular retention within the glomerular microvasculature. From this location within glomerular capillaries, immune cells perform pro-inflammatory functions and undergo cell-cell interactions that are important to the initiation and progression of glomerular inflammation. In this presentation, alterations to immune cell behaviour occurring within the inflamed glomerular microvasculature will be discussed, highlighting examples of neutrophil, monocyte and CD4+ T cell activity.