Sleep is a deeply conserved phenomenon, yet the genetic and neuronal mechanisms that regulate sleep are still being uncovered. Zebrafish are an excellent model system in which to investigate sleep, because of the capacity for cost-effective genetic and pharmacological screening and the larval brain’s optical translucency facilitates functional neuroanatomical studies. Zebrafish larvae as young as five days post fertilization display circadian-regulated periods of quiescence, during which the larvae are less sensitive to their environment. These sleep states are under homeostatic regulation, as depriving larvae of sleep subsequently leads to increased, deeper sleep states. Furthermore, zebrafish sleep is regulated by systems shared by humans, including the hypocretin/orexin system that is lost in narcoleptic patients. This presentation will highlight novel sleep regulatory networks unearthed through zebrafish drug and genetic screens and suggest a template for mapping the function of sleep genes onto discrete neuronal circuits.