Prevalence of Metabolic Disorders in a University Population and the Effect of a Pre-Prevention Intervention

Obesity – A Physiological Perspective (Newcastle, UK) (2014) Proc Physiol Soc 32, PC013

Poster Communications: Prevalence of Metabolic Disorders in a University Population and the Effect of a Pre-Prevention Intervention

N. L. Rooney1, S. L. Whiteley1, H. J. Moir1

1. School of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom.

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Obesity and weight status are implicated in the development of metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS); a cluster of risk factors increasing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and pre-diabetes (Alberti et al., 2009). The key lifestyle factor of obesity prevalence is elevated waist circumference (WC). The increasing prevalence of such disorders has concurrently been associated to a decreasing age of onset (Hsia et al., 2009). Pre-diabetes and MetS can however, be reversed through lifestyle modification, preventing the onset of chronic disease. It is therefore beneficial to determine the prevalence of metabolic risk in a young diverse student population. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders within a University population, and to establish the effectiveness of an intervention to improve weight status and symptoms of metabolic disorders. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a London-based University. A total of 71 participants aged 19-32 years were recruited through random intercept sampling. Stature, mass, body fat %, waist circumference (WC), diastolic and systolic blood pressure (DBP and SBP), fasting blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured. A non-equivalent control subset (n=32) were recruited to participate in an educational intervention with SMART goal setting to raise awareness of their health, where the control group with no risk factors received no further health advice. Follow-up measures were conducted four weeks later. When BMI was utilised as a measure of obesity, 22.8% of participants were classified as overweight (14.3%) or obese (8.5%). The prevalence of MetS was 1.4%; however no cases of pre-diabetes were identified. Hypertension and elevated cholesterol were the most prevalent risk factors identified in 21.7% and 18.5%, respectively. An elevated WC significantly correlated with elevated SBP, BMI, gender and ethnicity (P<0.01). The control and intervention groups differed significantly at baseline for mass, BMI, WC, DBP and bodyfat% (P<0.05) and knowledge of metabolic disorders was very low (5.7%). The intervention had no significant effect other than WC (p<0.05) which decreased for all participants in the intervention group. Obesity was lower than expected, with 72.8% having a BMI between 18.5 and 25kg/m2. Additionally MetS and pre-diabetes prevalence was low. The intervention provided promising results in reducing WC, but further follow-up is essential to determine long-term effectiveness. A more ethnically diverse cohort and the use of impaired glucose tolerance testing may have revealed a higher prevalence of pre-diabetes. However, the unique setting provides an opportunity for effective interventions and early prevention strategies to reduce one’s risk to future chronic disease.



Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.

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