Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have high proliferative capacity and ability to differentiate into different linages, making them a good model to use in regenerative medicine (1, 2). Proliferation and cell differentiation are very complex processes involving diverse players that include ion channels (1). It is known that changes in intracellular calcium concentration are associated with proliferation and differentiation of MSCs (3, 4). Consequently, ion channels involved in calcium sensing and calcium homeostasis must have a role in such processes. The present study evaluates expression of TRPM8 and BK channels in adipose-derived human (hMSCs) and rat (rMSCs) mesenchymal stem cells. MSCs were characterized by the expression of specific surface markers (rat: CD90+, CD45+ and CD29-, human: CD90+, CD105+ and CD34-) and by the capacity to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic linage. Western blot, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry assays were performed to determine protein expression. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) and propidium iodide assays. Flow cytometry assays were made by triplicate and reported as mean+SD. More than 95% of rMSCs and hMSCs express specific MSCs surface markers (n=3). Both type of MSCs were able to differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic linage (n=3). We measured the expression of BK channel α and accessories β subunits in hMSCs (α: 29,3%+20, β1: 83%+11,5; n=3) and rMSCs (α: 34%+31,6, β1: 64,6%+29,3; n=5; β2: 90%, n=1; β4: 91,5%+9,2; n=2) by flow cytometry. Remarkably, we found TRPM8 channel expression in hMSCs (96,8+1,5; n=4) and rMSCs (66,7+40,7, n=3). No changes in MSCs cell viability were observed after treatment with agonist and antagonist compounds of BK channel (NS1619 and Iberiotoxin; p<0,001; n=3) or TRPM8 channel agonist (Menthol; p<0,001; n=3). Changes in TRPM8 expression were found during differentiation being high at the initial stages and decreasing gradually until the process ends (n=3). Herein, we report for the first time TRPM8 channels expression in mesenchymal stem cells and changes in channel expression during MSCs differentiation suggesting a role of TRPM8 channels in the process.