The time course of adaptations to seven-weeks intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing for inducing heat acclimation in trained middle-distance runners.

Extreme Environmental Physiology (University of Portsmouth, UK) (2019) Proc Physiol Soc 44, C11

Oral Communications: The time course of adaptations to seven-weeks intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing for inducing heat acclimation in trained middle-distance runners.

N. V. Kirby1, S. Lucas1, O. Armstrong2, S. Weaver1, G. Vickers2, J. Gibbon1, R. Lucas1

1. Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom. 2. Performance Centre, University of Birmingham Sport, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

View other abstracts by:


Athletes require heat acclimation protocols that can be both flexible and integrative, whilst still being effective in inducing hallmark adaptations. We hypothesised that post-exercise sauna bathing 1) could be interspersed across a seven-week training period as a form of long-term heat acclimation, and 2) would be increasingly effective in inducing hallmark heat acclimation adaptations (i.e., reduced rectal temperature [Trec], heart rate [HR], sweating [indexed via body mass loss and sweat gland activation], perceived exertion [RPE] and thermal perception) when assessed after 3 and 7 weeks. Six trained middle-distance runners (3 female; mean±SD; age 19±1 years, VO2max 60.2±10.1 ml.kg-1.min-1) performed a running heat tolerance test (30-minutes, 9 kph/2% gradient, 40°C/40%RH; RHTT) before (RHTTPRE), following 3-weeks (RHTT3W) and following 7-weeks (RHTT7W) endurance training with 30-minutes post-exercise sauna bathing (101-108°C) 3±1 times per week. Data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA, with Bonferroni-corrected post hoc comparisons. To assess ordinal data, Friedman’s test was performed with post hoc analysis by Wilcoxon sign-rank tests. Resting Trec was lower (main effect: p=0.010) at 3 weeks (-0.2±0.1°C; p=0.036) and 7 weeks (-0.2±0.2°C; p=0.038) as compared to pre-acclimation. Peak Trec was lower (main effect: p<0.001) during RHTT3W (-0.3±0.2°C; p=0.043) and RHTT7W (-0.4±0.2°C; p=0.006), as compared to RHTTPRE. Furthermore, peak Trec during RHTT7W was lower than that during RHTT3W (-0.1±0.1°C; p=0.038). Peak RPE was lower (main effect: p=0.042) in RHTT7W only, both in comparison to RHTTPRE (-3±3 pts; p=0.043) and in comparison to RHTT3W (-1±1 pts; p=0.034). There was a main effect of time on peak HR (p=0.022; RHTTPRE: 160±20 bpm, RHTT3W: 149±20 bpm, RHTT7W: 151±15 bpm), whole-body sweat loss (p=0.043; RHTTPRE: 0.9±02 kg, RHTT3W: 0.8±0.1 kg, RHTT7W: 0.8±0.2 kg), and sweat gland activation on the forearm (p=0.039; RHTTPRE: 42±15 active glands/cm2, RHTT3W: 69±9 active glands/cm2, RHTT7W: 69±13 active glands/cm2), though these differences could not be located post hoc. Thermal comfort did not significantly change (p=0.072; mean ratings between “Uncomfortable” and “Slightly Uncomfortable”), nor did ratings of thermal sensation (p=0.115; mean ratings between “Hot” and “Warm”). These data indicate that some hallmark adaptations of heat acclimation can be observed following 3-weeks intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing (i.e. resting and exercising rectal temperatures), with some further development occurring with longer (i.e. 7-weeks) exposure. Changes in perceived exertion were only observed following 7-weeks exposure. Further investigation is required to determine the effect of intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing on cardiovascular and sudomotor outcomes.



Where applicable, experiments conform with Society ethical requirements.

Site search

Filter

Content Type