Engineered myocardium may be utilized to model heart muscle function and drug effects or find an application in tissue engineering-based myocardial repair. Recent advances in stem cell technologies have advanced the field as they allow cardiomyocyte allocation at a large scale. The preferred stem cell source for myocardial tissue engineering are embryonic stem cells, which may soon be replaced by non-embryonic pluripotent stem cells, such as induced pluripotent and parthenogenetic stem cells. The utility of pluripotent stem cells is, however, associated with substantial caveats, including the risk of teratoma formation, uncontrolled cell specification, and limited organotypic maturation. Controlling these issues will be essential to further advance stem cell-based myocardial tissue engineering. I will discuss different tissue engineering approaches and introduce concepts for the exploitation of stem cells in myocardial tissue engineering with an emphasis on controlling fate and functionality of stem cells and derivatives.