Purpose: High blood pressure is a very frequent medical condition, and when associated with type 2 diabetes, the risk of coronary heart disease is higher. Autonomic nervous system implication is of interest. The objective of this study was to assess cardiovascular autonomic reflexes in primary hypertension with and without association to type 2 diabetes.Method: The following groups were selected: a control group C (n =102) including healthy subjects and a group of primary hypertensive patients H (n=100). This group H is divided into two subgroups, hypertensive diabetics (HD) patients (n=17) and non diabetics hypertensive (HND) patients (n=83). Both C and H groups were matched for sex and age. Each patients, after 10 minutes rest blood pressure (BP) measurement, underwent cardiovascular autonomic reflexes tests as deep breathing (DB), hand grip (HG) and mental stress (SM) tests. Comparison of quantitative changes was performed using the student’s t-test. The Pearson correlation was used to study the association between quantitative variables. Results: Vagal response is of 32,23 %±17,21 in group H and 41,97%±18,56 in group C (p <0,001). The subgroup HD has a vagal response of 23,09%±11,06 and the subgroup HND was 34,15%±17,7(p<0,001). Regarding sympathetic response, results showed that hypertensive patients have a response of 20,81%±9,66 meanwhile in the control group this response was of 15,75%±9,82(p<0,001), without significant difference between the two subgroups HND and HD (p=0,243).Conclusion: Hypertensive with type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher sympathetic response when compared to controls and vagal response is significantly lower. The latter is accentuated by the association of diabetes to hypertensionKey words: Autonomic nervous system; Primary hypertension; Diabetes; sympathetic response; vagal response.