Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease accompanied by pain. The onset and progression of the disease is determined by several factors such as gender, body composition and ethnicity (1-2). There is paucity of information on pain perception and biochemical profile in OA patients in Nigeria. This study therefore, assessed pain perception and some biomarkers in osteoarthritic patients in South-west, Nigeria. A total of sixty (30 healthy and 30 diagnosed with OA) subjects were used for this study. All the subjects underwent the Ischemia-induced pain test and blood samples were taken from them for the determination of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP). The results showed a significantly (p<0.05) higher pain threshold and pain tolerance in healthy individuals compared to OA patients. There was also a significantly (p<0.05) elevated level of IL-6 in the serum of OA patients compared to control (13.0 ± 0.7 vs 20.1±3.2 pg/dL ) and a significantly (p<0.05) lower level of IL-10 in the serum of OA patients compared to control (14.3± 3.1 vs 4.1 ±0.5 pg/dL ), There was no difference in the serum level of CGRP in the control compared with the OA group. In conclusion, OA causes decrease in pain tolerance and threshold which is accompanied by alteration in vital biochemical parameters.