Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health disorder affecting 450 million people, with 72,000 in Guyana. It can elicit several long-term complications including the heart, kidney, eye, nerve and other organs. DM is classified as type 1 DM (T1DM) and type 2 DM (T2DM) and 90% of diabetics suffer from T2DM. This is related to genetic and life-style habits leading to end-organ failures. As a developing country, Guyana is cursed with the ‘obese-diabetic time bomb’. This study recruited 8 newly T2DM and 40 hypertensive patients to investigate a cost-effective way to treat T2DM and high blood pressure (BP) compared to orthodox medicines using moderate regular exercise, diet modification and bitter melon (BM; 5 gm twice daily) either as a salad or as a juice over a period of 6 weeks. In other experiments, 30 healthy subjects and 30 T2DM patients undertook a glucose tolerance test (GTT) combined with BM. The study had ethical clearance from University of Guyana and UCLAN and data were subjected to statistical analysis for significance (ANOVA) and presented as mean (+SEM). Time-course treatment of newly diagnosed T2DM patients (8 per group) with either diet modification and regular exercise, BM alone, diet modification, exercise and BM or all three parameters combined with orthodox medicine over 6 weeks revealed significant (p<0.05) decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG) compared to week 1, when mean (+SEM) FBG was 205.5+5.4 mg/dl (100%. After 6 weeks of treatment, FBG decreased significantly (based on ANOVA the p values were 6.99E-20, 1.59E-21, 3.87-21when compared to p=0.05) to 145.3+5.2 mg/dl (29.3%), 105.3+6.2mg/dl (48.4%), 102.5+ 5.3 mg/dl (50.1%) and 96.2+4.4 mg/dl (53.2%) for diet modification and regular exercise, BM alone, diet modification, exercise and BM and all three parameters combined with orthodox medicine, respectively. BM alone also reduced BMI, HBA1c, lipids and triglycerides after 6 weeks compared to week 1. During GTT, BM alone intake (10 gm) exerted significant (p<0.05) decreases in FBG after 2 hours after intake of a glucose solution, followed by BM. In healthy subjects, blood glucose (BG) reduced from 117.5+1.8 mg/dl to 107.6+1.6 mg/dl. Likewise, for diabetic patients BG reduced from 139.8+5.2 mg/dl to 108.3+5.4 mg/dl. Daily intake of BM significantly (p<0.05; n=10 per group) reduced systolic and diastolic BP in hypertensive patients either alone or combined with regular exercise after 6 weeks compared to week 1(based on ANOVA the p values were 1.11E-12 and 5.12E-09). BM had no effect on BP combined with orthodox medicine. Chemical analysis of BM revealed that it possesses phenolic contents and anti-oxidant properties. The results show that BM, combined with diet modification and exercise, is beneficial and cost-effective to treat DM and hypertension without interacting with orthodox medication.